Many of us enjoyed playing the game Monopoly as children. Amass hotels, get all the money and make others go broke, but don't go to jail.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| The Fast-Dealing Property Trading Game | |
|---|---|
 The Monopoly logo | |
| Designer(s) | Elizabeth Magie[1] Charles Darrow |
| Illustrator(s) | Matt Pocock |
| Publisher(s) | Hasbro Parker Brothers Waddingtons |
| Players | Some versions 2–6 Other versions 2–12 |
| Setup time | 5–10 minutes |
| Playing time | 60–240 minutes (1–4 hours) [average] |
| Random chance | High (dice rolling, card drawing) |
| Skill(s) required | Negotiation, Resource management, Strategy |
Monopoly is an American-originated board game originally published by Parker Brothers. Subtitled "The Fast-Dealing Property Trading Game," the game is named after the economic concept of monopoly — the domination of a market by a single entity. It is currently produced by the United States game and toy company Hasbro.
Players move around the game board buying or trading properties, developing their properties with houses and hotels, and collecting rent from their opponents, the ultimate goal being to drive them into bankruptcy.
History
Further information: History of the board game Monopoly
The history of Monopoly can be traced back to 1903,[2] when an American woman named Elizabeth (Lizzie) J. Magie Phillips created a game through which she hoped to be able to explain the single tax theory of Henry George (it was intended to illustrate the negative aspects of concentrating land in private monopolies). Her game, The Landlord's Game, was self-published, beginning in 1906.[3] A series of variant board games based on her concept were developed from 1906 through the 1930s that involved the buying and selling of land and the development of that land.
By 1934, a board game called Monopoly had been created which formed the basis of the game sold by Parker Brothers, beginning in 1935. Several people, mostly in the Midwestern United States and near the East Coast, contributed to the game's design and evolution. But by the 1970s, the idea that the game had been created solely by Charles Darrow had become popular folklore: it was printed in the game's instructions and even in the 1974 book The Monopoly Book: Strategy and Tactics of the World's Most Popular Game by Maxine Brady.
In 1936, Parker Brothers began licensing the game for sale outside of the United States. In 1941, the British Secret Intelligence Service had John Waddington Ltd., the licensed manufacturer of the game in the United Kingdom, create a special edition for World War II prisoners of war held by the Nazis.[4] Hidden inside these games were maps, compasses, real money, and other objects useful for escaping. They were distributed to prisoners by Secret Service-created fake charity groups.[5]
Economics professor Ralph Anspach published a game Anti-Monopoly in 1973, and was sued for trademark infringement by Parker Brothers in 1974. The case went to trial in 1976. Anspach won on appeals in 1979, as the 9th District Court determined that the trademark Monopoly wasgeneric, and therefore unenforceable.[6] The United States Supreme Courtdeclined to hear the case, allowing the appellate court ruling to stand. This decision was overturned by the passage of Public Law 98-620 in 1984.[7]With that law in place, Parker Brothers and its parent companies (currentlyHasbro) continue to hold valid trademarks for the game Monopoly.
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